Methodology & sources

Every number on this site is computed from public records. This page shows the work.

Source data

All well records come from the Pennsylvania Groundwater Information System (PaGWIS) — the state's official inventory of water wells, maintained by the Bureau of Geological Survey (gis.dcnr.pa.gov/pageode). We refresh our copy weekly from the state's public data service. (592,874 well records at last refresh, 2026-08-19.)

Filters

• PaGWIS water wells; wells recorded solely as monitoring, observation, geothermal, injection or oil-and-gas holes are excluded, as are the few records the state labels a tunnel, drain, sinkhole or pond; depths 0-5,000 ft
• Static water level statistics use measurements 0–2,000 ft below ground surface; zero/blank values are treated as missing
• Yield statistics use reported flows/pump tests 0–5,000 gpm
• Records without a resolvable county are excluded from county pages
• Counties with fewer than 10 records are not published

Statistics

We report medians and interquartile ranges (25th–75th percentile) rather than averages, because well data is heavily skewed — a few very deep wells would distort an average. "Recent" figures cover wells completed since 2016. Driller tables count wells by the driller on logs filed since 2016.

Cost estimates

We do not collect quotes. Cost ranges apply published national per-foot rates to the local median depth — the local depth is what makes the estimate useful, and it comes from actual drilled wells nearby:

• Drilling + casing: $25–$65 per foot
• Complete system (pump, pressure tank, hookup): $60–$100 per foot

Rate sources (last checked 2026-06-11):

• HomeGuide — Well Drilling Cost (2026) — $25–65/ft drilling + casing; complete systems $3,000–15,000, most $5,500–9,000
• Angi — How Much Does Well Drilling Cost? (2026) — cross-check: drilling alone $15–25/ft; complete installation $25–65/ft
• The Well Guide — Well Drilling Cost (2026) — depth tables (e.g. 150 ft: $9,000–13,000 all-in); Mountain West/Pacific NW: $35–65/ft, systems $10,000–25,000
• the Pennsylvania Groundwater Information System (PaGWIS), published by the PA Department of Conservation and Natural Resources — all depth/static-water-level/yield figures are computed from PaGWIS records, not estimated

Estimates are planning figures, not quotes. Site access, geology, casing depth, and water treatment needs move real prices substantially.

Known data limitations

• Location accuracy varies by record: about 65% of Pennsylvania well records carry a mapped location, and the state describes those positions as approximate - only about one in eight comes from GPS, while most were placed from a street atlas or a paper well inventory. Records with no location are still counted in the county figures but cannot be plotted.
• Not every well is on record — older and hand-dug wells are under-represented.
• Some records contain filing errors; we propagate the official record as filed.

Corrections

If a number here looks wrong, email us (or reply to any report). Confirmed errors are corrected and logged on the changelog. In this niche one wrong number costs more trust than ten missing features — we'd rather show less and be right.

About

Pennsylvania Well Records is an independent data publisher. We are not affiliated with DCNR, the State of Pennsylvania, or any drilling company. Revenue comes from property reports and from connecting homeowners with licensed local drillers — never from selling rankings or placements in the statistics.